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Toothpaste: your questions answered

Fluoride or fluoride-free toothpaste: how do I choose?
NHS guidance is to brush with a fluoride toothpaste, and many people stick with that as standard. Fluoride-free formulas, including those with nano-hydroxyapatite or xylitol from brands like Spry, are chosen by people who prefer to avoid fluoride. Many ranges offer both, so check the tube carefully. If you're unsure which suits you or your family, ask your dentist at your next check-up.
Why do US toothpaste labels look different?
In the US, fluoride toothpastes are regulated as over-the-counter drugs, so tubes carry a Drug Facts panel listing the active ingredient and directions. Fluoride is shown as a percentage, such as 0.24% sodium fluoride, rather than in parts per million as on UK packs; 0.24% sodium fluoride works out at roughly 1,100 ppm fluoride. Brands such as Crest and Arm & Hammer follow this format.
How much toothpaste should I use?
Adults only need a pea-sized amount of toothpaste. Brush for about two minutes, twice a day, covering every surface of each tooth. Afterwards, many dentists suggest spitting out the excess rather than rinsing with water. Baking soda toothpastes, a US speciality from Arm & Hammer, have a distinctive slightly salty taste and fizzy feel that some people prefer.